The paper aims to develop proposals for a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation. The indicated goal cannot be achieved without solving a list of tasks, in particular: (1) to explore the theoretical basis for the formation of a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation; (2) to analyze international experience with green public procurement; (3) to propose measures for the formation of a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation. The authors use the general scientific method of dialectic knowledge, system-structural, comparative-legal, and formal-logical methods, and special scientific methods. The research object is devoted to “green” public procurement, which is one of the innovative topics of improving the contracting system in Russia. A comprehensive analysis of current problems of forming a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation is presented for the first time; the theoretical content of the green public procurement system in the Russian Federation is disclosed in detail; ideas for forming a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation are proposed. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it presents the first comprehensive analysis of contemporary problems of forming a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation and proposes ideas for forming a green public procurement system in the Russian Federation. These and other components of the scientific novelty of this research allow us to formulate a conclusion about the theoretical and practical significance of scientific research. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.