Development of a model for short-term motivational interventions during the preventive medical examinations in young people

Illicit use of narcotic drugs (ND), psychotropic substances (PS), and other psychoactive substances (PAS), such as alcohol and nicotine (with various intake routes), is a serious threat to human health, especially for young people. Studies addressing these preventive medical examinations (PMEs) of students conducted following the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 581n dat-ed October 6, 2014, formed the basis for the development of short-term motivational interviews as a part of preventive outreach (stage I of PME) and explanation of medical examination results (stage IV of PME) by an addiction psychiatrist. Objective. To develop a model for short-term intervention as a structured form of outreach conversation and an explanation of the PME results by an addiction psychiatrist on students’ illegal use of ND and PS. The tasks are as follows: 1) analysis of scientific and methodological literature on short-term interventions and motivational consultations aimed at reducing the risk factors of illegal use of PAS; 2) development of a model for short-term motivational intervention (STIM Model) as a tool for improv-ing the health of the younger generation. Material and methods. For the study, the approbation of guidance materials, the results of scientific qualification, metadata of more than 10 published scientific articles and authors’ studies addressing relevant methods of short-term intervention, and data on the outcomes of the STIM Model use among students (n=250) were used. We used the following research methods: literature review, synthesis of existing methods and programs, analysis of the authors’ practical experience as an addiction psychiatrist in a facility for addictive behavior prevention, statistical analysis. Results and discussion. A STIM Model has been developed for PME, consultations, and alcohol testing in healthcare facilities, including medical and obstetric centers, educational institutions, and other organizations. The STIM Model improves the efficiency of professional activities of healthcare professionals. Conclusion. The use of the short-term motivational intervention model by primary care specialists allows timely prevention and diagnosis of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances and the identification of risk factors con-tributing to the development of these disorders, as well as increases the motivation of young people to a healthy lifestyle, in par-ticular, to temperance. © 2023, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.