Signaux sonores des mammifères dans le champ biologique de signaux comme image acoustique de l'espace

The biological signal field is the most important means of orientation of mammals on the territory they regularly use. Information accumulates in the traces of vital activity left by many generations of animals. The totality of long-lived traces of life activity (burrows, paths, accumulations of excrement, etc.) forms a matrix of stable elements around which the main activity of the population is concentrated, including sound activity as a form of real-time communication. The sound signals of mammals are tied to certain stable elements of the signal field, depending on the specific function they perform. The projection of sound signals onto a matrix of stable elements creates an acoustic image of space, denoting the most significant parts of the territory actively exploited by the population. By means of sound signals, mammals supplement a stable visual-olfactory image of space with information about events in real time, transmitting the most important up-to-date information about the structural and functional state of populations. Examples of specialization of orientation and communicative behavior of mammals based on the results of field research in various regions of Northern Eurasia are given.