Study of the Toxicity of Synthetic Surfactant-Containing Composite Detergents on Plant Hydrobionts under Laboratory Conditions

Abstract: Synthetic surfactants are essential components of commercial detergents. Organisms suffer from surfactant pollution; therefore, there is a need to estimate the resistance of macrophytes to these pollutants. New biological effects of detergent compositions (Frosch, Tide) on higher aquatic plants Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea Canadensis, Chara fragilis, and Callitriche palustris were revealed. Frosch is claimed as an environmentally friendly detergent. In experiments, Frosch showed high toxicity to all macrophytes. The results obtained can be used in practice in the development of new biotechnologies in order to reduce the risk of pollution of the aquatic environment with surfactants present in synthetic detergents, which is one of the priorities of modern ecology. The conducted biotesting on macrophytes can serve as an example for certification of new synthetic surfactants. The obtained data can be useful in the selection of organisms for biotesting of pollutants for toxicity. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.