The article examines current aspects of the realization of the right to education by children with disabilities, including the use of digital and smart technologies, on the example of the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation is a party to international treaties that secure the right to education for all without any discrimination. However, the State, like many others, faces problems in the implementation of international legal obligations in this area. At the same time, access to education is one of the key factors for ensuring the sustainable economic growth of any state. In the modern world with advanced technologies, children with disabilities have all opportunities to receive a quality education on an equal basis with other children. Appropriate measures must be taken at the state level or the level of private educational institutions with state support. The article analyzes the measures taken by the Russian Federation to fulfill its obligations to ensure the right to education for children with disabilities at the present stage. These issues are also relevant in the light of the provisions of the Sustainable Development Goals, according to which quality education is the basis for a decent life and sustainable development. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.