Immunotherapy of bladder cancer: past, present and future

Therapeutic approaches to the bladder cancer (BC) treatment at present are undergoing significant changes. BC, especially invasive one, possesses high immunological potency, which suggests a possibility of using different methods of anti-tumor immunotherapy (AT-IT) for this disease. New treatment strategies of BC at the present stage are based on the using of cytokines, a variety of targeted therapies and adoptive therapy. The article presents data on the use of immunotherapy in the past and present, show is the latest achievements of science for the immunotherapy of BD, indicated promising directions, as well as points to some promising directions and describes effective ways to deliver the drug in this disease Nevertheless, despite certain advances, there remain many unresolved problems in this area, which present long-term tasks for clinical physicians and researchers for the purpose of further study of existing methods and development of innovative solutions in the nearest future.