The role of growth factor genes in the development of uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia

Objective. To study the association of polymorphic variants of growth factor genes with the development of uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia. Materials and methods. The study included 982 women: 193 women with uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia and 789 healthy controls. Five polymorphic loci of growth factor genes were chosen for the study: EGF c.-382А>G rs4444903, ТGFβ-1 c.-1347Т>С rs1800469, IGF1 c.*2716G>А rs6214, VEGF c.-958С>Т rs833061, FGFR2 c.109+906Т>С rs2981582. The study was carried out using the polymerase chain reaction method. Results. Polymorphic loci were found to be associated with the development of uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia. Genotype CC rs2981582 FGFR2 increases the risk of developing uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia (OR=1.38). The combination of alleles A rs4444903 EGF and C rs1800469 TGFß-1 is also a risk factor for the development of the disease (OR=1.50). The combination of G rs4444903 EGF, C rs1800469 TGFß-1, G rs6214 IGF1, and T rs2981582 FGFR2 can play a protective role in the development of the disease (OR=0.59). These polymorphisms have a significant regulatory potential and affect the expression level of eight different genes; they are located in the areas of exonic splicing enhancers and they are the binding sites of transcription factors. Conclusion. Polymorphic loci of the genes РGR c.1415-11113G>Т rs1042838, ESR1 c.*1029Т>С rs3798577, ESR1 c.453-397Т>С rs2234693, ESR1 c.453-351А>G rs9340799 are associated with the development of uterine fibroids combined with endometrial hyperplasia. © A group of authors, 2021.