Aim. To study association between the genetic polymorphism in the estrogen and progesterone receptor genes and genital endometriosis. Materials and methods. The study involved 894 women: 105 women with genital endometriosis and 789 women in the control group. The polymorphic loci of the estrogen and progesterone receptor genes were selected for the study: ЕSR1 с.453-397Т>С rs2234693, ЕSR1 c.1029Т>С rs3798577, ЕSR1с.453-351А>G rs9340799, РGR c.38Т>С rs484389, РGR c.1415-11113G>Т rs1042838. CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR System was used for analysis. To calculate the associations, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was used. Results. The associations between molecular genetic markers ЕSR1 с.453-397Т>С rs2234693, ЕSR1 c.1029Т>С rs3798577, ЕSR1с.453-351А>G rs9340799 and development of genital endometriosis were found. A combination of ESR1 А rs9340799, ESR1 Т rs2234693 and ESR1 Т rs3798577alleles (OR=1.86, р=0.003) were found to be a risk factor for the development of genital endometriosis, and a combination of ESR1 rs9340799 G alleles and ESR1 rs3798577 CC genotype (OR=0.33, р=0.003) appeared to prevent the development of the disease. No associations between polymorphic loci of РGR c.38Т>С rs484389 and РGR c.1415-11113G>Т rs1042838 and genital endometriosis were found. Conclusion. Polymorphic loci of ЕSR1 с.453-397Т>С rs2234693, ЕSR1 c.1029Т>С rs3798577, ЕSR1с.453-351А>G rs9340799 were associated with development of genital endometriosis. ©A group of authors, 2021.