Linguocultureme "bread" and phraseological expressions with component "bread" in Russian and Persian languages

This article is devoted to the comprehension of the universal concept of human culture "bread". On the basis of its comparative analysis in Russian and Persian linguocultures, the authors identify stable (basic) semantic components of the macrostructure, which act as ethno social determinants in the linguocultures of the two languages. These elements determine maxims of social behavior, communicative standards, basic values of a particular collective. Despite the fact that the presented language systems are heterogeneous both typologically and mentally, the concept "bread" has a number of similar meanings in them, which indicates its universality.