THE EFFECT OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNIQUES ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE ENAMEL IN THE WEDGE-SHAPED DEFECT

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the changes in the microstructure of the enamel and its chemical composition in the area of the wedge-shaped defect with the use of minimally invasive technologies in experiments. Materials and methods: The materials of the assessment were 45 thin sections of the teeth which had been extracted with orthodontic indications and had the wedge-shaped defect within the enamel. The changes in the enamel microstructure with the use of minimally invasive technologies - enamel infiltration Icon (DMG) and closure of the defect with the composite Estelite Asteria (Tokuyama Dental) were studied with the help of the scanning electronic microscope Quanta 200 i 3D FEI(USA) with the energy-dispersive microanalysis system with resolution capability 2,9 nm at 30 kV in dynamics Results. The structural changes in the enamel depend on the nature of the pathological process, its depth and microstructural changes. A developing pathological process is characterized by the presence of pores, deep cracks in the enamel rods, demineralization areas, linear chaotic defects with clear borders. The changes in the chemical composition of the enamel in the wedge-shaped defect is characterized by the increase in oxygenation by 1.2 combined with the decrease in carbon compounds by 1.4, the decrease in fluorine by 1.2 and the emergence of sulfur, thus most likely confirming the changes in the crystal structure of hydroxyapatite. With the help of the optical microscopy we were able to visualize the structural changes of the enamel within the defect in the samples with infiltration treatment by Icon (DMG) and closure of the defect with restoration. The conclusions concerning the necessity to continue the scientific research of the treatment of the wedge-shaped defect within the enamel were made.