Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)/hydroxyapatite/alginate scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells enhance the regeneration of critical-sized bone defect

A critical-sized calvarial defect in rats is employed to reveal the osteoinductive properties of biomaterials. In this study, we investigate the osteogenic efficiency of hybrid scaffolds based on composites of a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) with hydroxyapatite (HA) filled with alginate (ALG) hydrogel containing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the regeneration of the critical-sized radial defect of the parietal bone in rats. The scaffolds based on PHB and PHB/HA with desired shapes were prepared by two-stage salt leaching technique using a mold obtained by three-dimensional printing. To obtain PHB/HA/ALG/MSC scaffolds seeded with MSCs, the scaffolds were filled with ALG hydrogel containing MSCs; acellular PHB/ALG and PHB/ALG filled with empty ALG hydrogel were prepared for comparison. The produced scaffolds have high porosity and irregular interconnected pore structure. PHB/HA scaffolds supported MSC growth and induced cell osteogenic differentiation in a regular medium in vitro that was manifested by an increase in ALP activity and expression of the CD45 phenotype marker. The data of computed tomography and histological studies showed 94% and 92%, respectively, regeneration of critical-sized calvarial bone defect in vivo at 28th day after implantation of MSC-seeded PHB/HA/ALG/MSC scaffolds with 3.6 times higher formation of the main amount of bone tissue at 22–28 days in comparison with acellular PHB/HA/ALG scaffolds that was shown at the first time by fluorescent microscopy using the original technique of intraperitoneal administration of fluorescent dyes to living postoperative rats. The obtained in vivo results can be associated with the MSC-friendly microstructure and in vitro osteogenic properties of PHB/HA base-scaffolds. Thus, the obtained data demonstrate the potential of MSCs encapsulated in the bioactive biopolymer/mineral/hydrogel scaffold to improve the bone regeneration process in critical-sized bone defects. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

Authors
Volkov A.V. 5, 7 , Muraev A.A. 5, 6 , Zharkova I.I. 1 , Voinova V.V.1, 2 , Akoulina E.A.1, 2 , Zhuikov V.A.2 , Khaydapova D.D.3 , Chesnokova D.V.1 , Menshikh K.A.1 , Dudun A.A.1, 2 , Makhina T.K.2 , Bonartseva G.A. 2 , Asfarov T.F. 5 , Stamboliev I.A. 5 , Gazhva Y.V.4 , Ryabova V.M.4 , Zlatev L.H. 5 , Ivanov S.Y. 5, 6 , Shaitan K.V.1 , Bonartsev A.P. 1, 2
Journal
Materials Science and Engineering C
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd
Language
English
Status
Published
Link
External link
DOI
10.1016/J.MSEC.2020.110991
Number
110991
Volume
114
Year
2020
Organizations
  • 1 Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, bld. 12, Moscow, 119234, Russian Federation
  • 2 A.N.Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33, bld. 2, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
  • 3 Faculty of Soil Science, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, 1, bld. 12, Moscow, 119234, Russian Federation
  • 4 Privolzhsky Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Minin and Pozharsky Sq. 10/1, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russian Federation
  • 5 The Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
  • 6 I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. 8/2, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
  • 7 N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova Str. 10, Moscow, 127299, Russian Federation
Keywords
Alginate; Critical-sized bone defect; Hybrid scaffolds; Hydroxyapatite; Mesenchymal stem cells; Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
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