The article deals with the description of some lexico-grammatical, phonemic, lexical, linguistic peculiarities of oral speech in the context of the problem of decoding communication in Russian as a foreign language. Different approaches to the process of decoding of oral speech, produced by foreigners studying Russian language are also under analysis. The results of exercises carried out under the proposed scheme among representatives of different countries are shown and described in detail. The practical application has revealed that these types of exercises greatly contribute to improving the skills of Russian speech decoding by inophons (the students of Russian as a foreign language). General positive dynamics of application of the methodology used and its prospects become apparent. The article stresses the importance of taking into account the level of proficiency in Russian, the language features of the native language of a foreign student and his/her motivation in learning Russian language. © 2017 Serials Publications.