THE ONOMASTIC COMPETENCE OF THE READER AS A CONDITION OF UNDERSTANDING A TEXT

Literary proper name (poetonym) is a universal functional-semantic verbal sign intended text for individualization and characterization of individual objects of artistic reality in the space of the literary. The semantic and stylistic potential of onomastic units is huge in the space of a literary text. It makes them an important constructive element involved in the processes of text formation and meaning generation. For this reason, onomastic units are an important means of its interpretation in a literary text. Having a great functional potential, they become an important element of the text due to the pragmatic components of meaning. As a concentrated expression of culturological realities, poetonyms are those linguistic units that require the connection of the creative abilities of the reader-interpreter, performing the reading and in-depth analysis of the literary text creative (creative) function. However, the perception of linguistic and extralinguistic content of proper names depends on the inter-textual and onomastic competence of the reader involved in the interpretation of the text. There are three levels of perception and interpretation of poetonym: 1-elementary (naive) perception of recipient of the proper name; 2-General education level recognition of the proper name as a marker of extra-linguistic (specific and historical) information, 3 linguistic level of perception of onomastic units research literary interpretation of the proper name (the restoration of the author's intention by decoding the character image of the character). These levels, along with other factors, determine the completeness and completeness of the reader's understanding of the literary text. Generating a complex of connotative meanings, it activates the "semantic plurality" of the literary text. Each of the proper name's connotative meaning acquires independence in the reader's understanding, opens new semantic facets of the text and allows to know its depth. At the same time, the proper name, on the one hand, explicates the conceptual basis (the idea of the work), the author's attitudes and intentions, on the other hand, the boundaries of the reader's interpretative field are defined, directing the creative activity of the object of interpretation. The results of the study prove that this perception of literary and artistic works is effective for the study of individual author's manner of the artist's words, the deep meanings of his work.