DYADIC AND TRIADIC MODELS OF THE SIGN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Problem statement. The article, based on the work of some scientists (F. de Saussure, Ch. Pierce, R. Jacobson), analyzes the sign and sign functions from the point of view of these scientists, similarities and differences. Dyadic and triadic models of the sign, as well as symbolic, iconic and indexical signs are considered. Research results. The differences in the understanding of a sign and a word by these scientists are described. An analysis is given of the development of semiotic thinking, understanding of the functions of words by representatives of different linguistic schools or directions, as well as different professional competencies. The sources, reasons or origins of different approaches to the sign are determined. A connection is revealed between various ideas of adherents of semiotic thought, which seem “counterintuitive”. An attempt is made to explain that semiotics is important to social relationships that will bridge from linguistics and logic to everyday life. Conclusion. De Saussure believes that a sign is a combination of the designated object (meaning) and its designation (sound or written symbol). De Saussure's vision of the meaning of a sign and a word is based on the principle of duality and relativity. According to Ch. Pierce, the theory of signs has a triadic form. Peirce argues that the meaning of a sign is formed through its use and interaction with other signs. R. Jacobson, in turn, identified six functions of language, among which the communicative function occupies a central place. He believes that signs in language have a dual nature - they simultaneously convey information and establish social relationships between speakers.