Myocardial infarction in young age

Currently, myocardial infarction occurs in 10—18% of young patients and is characterized by the lowest decline in morbidity and mortality compared to the other age groups. Lifestyle changes among young people, including hypodynamia, increased in-take of easily digested carbohydrates in diet, smoking, chronic stress, energy drinks and drugs consumption, alcohol abuse play an important role in it. Various mechanisms of myocardial infarction in young patients are distinguished, both atherogenic —ath-erothrombosis, and non-atherogenic — vasospasm, microvascular dysfunction, spontaneous coronary artery dissection. Review objective. To analyze the risk factors, features of the clinical course, pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of myocardial infarction in young patients. Material and methods. An analysis of articles available in electronic citation databases published between 1995 and 2023 was per-formed. The search of relevant materials was done by the following keywords: «myocardial infarction in young age», «myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries», «microvascular dysfunction», «coronary embolism», «coronary vasospasm». Results. The article presents an overview of national and foreign literature containing current data on epidemiology, risk factors, features of the clinical course of myocardial infarction in young age. The pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, treatment principles and prognosis in young patients with nonobstructive coronary arteries myocardial infarction are considered. Conclusion. It is shown, that risk factors modification has a primary importance in treatment of young patients with myocardial infarction. © 2024, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.