THE IMPACT OF WASTEWATER EMISSIONS ON THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION OF BUKHARA (UZBEKISTAN)

Water pollution from untreated wastewater discharge is a major public health concern in the ancient city of Bukhara, Uzbekistan. The city lacks adequate wastewater treatment facilities, leading to the release of contaminated water into the environment. This has resulted in the deterioration of water quality in local water bodies, posing serious risks to human health. One of the primary sources of pollution is the discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater into the Shavkat aria canal, which flows through the city. The canal water is used for irrigation purposes in surrounding agricultural areas, facilitating the spread of waterborne diseases. Microbiological and chemical analyses have revealed alarmingly high levels of pathogens, heavy metals, and other pollutants in the canal water. The inadequate wastewater management system has led to an increased incidence of waterborne diseases, such as acute intestinal infections, viral hepatitis A, and typhoid fever, among the local population. Children are particularly vulnerable due to their higher exposure and weaker immune systems. Addressing this issue requires urgent action, including the construction of modern wastewater treatment facilities, enforcement of environmental regulations, and public awareness campaigns on proper sanitation practices. © 2024 International Multidisciplinary Scientific Geoconference. All rights reserved.