ALL THAT PRACTITIONERS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT DUCTUS VENOSUS

This article reviews essential information for clinical specialists regarding the ductus venosus, a functionally significant component of the unique fetal circulation system. It outlines the main stages of formation and the normal anatomical structure of the venous system, which plays a crucial role in providing the oxygenation required for the physiological development of the fetus. The article also describes a technique for obtaining ultrasound images of all components of the afferent-venous complex of the placenta, with a focus on the venous duct. It discusses various types of umbilical-portal-systemic venous shunts that can be detected during the prenatal stage and their association with high risks of syndromic pathology and functional disorders in the fetus. These cases necessitate an individualized approach for the examination and management of each clinical scenario. Additionally, this article covers the guidelines and indications for Doppler assessment of blood flow velocity curves in the venous duct for various complications in both singleton and multiple pregnancies. The authors present data on the normal postnatal closure of the ductus venosus and potential manifestations of a persistent open ductus venosus in children, a rare pathology that significantly affects newborns. Conclusion: Raising awareness among practitioners regarding the importance of perinatal ultrasound diagnosis for ductus venosus pathologies and hemodynamic disorders will enhance the efficiency of medical care, ultimately reducing perinatal and childhood morbidity and mortality. © A group of authors, 2023.