Placental factors of antenatal fetal demise at different gestational ages

Objective. To comparatively analyse the pathomorphological characteristics of the placenta in antenatal fetal demise at different gestational ages. Materials and methods. A morphological study included the analysis of 66 placentas in women with antenatal fetal demise at the following gestational ages: weeks 22–27 (n = 26), 28–31 (n = 15), 32–36 (n = 14), and 37–40 (n = 11). Results. The main pathomorphological changes in placentas during antenatal fetal demise at different gestational ages were associated with inflammatory processes of viral and mixed bacterial and viral etiology, abnormal shape, hypoplasia and placental villous immaturity, fibrosis, uteroplacental circulation disorders in the presence of inadequately formed compensatory adaptation processes. Conclusion. The fetal demise period is associated with the severity of pathomorphological changes in the placenta, and the development of compensatory adaptation responses. Viral infection is involved in most stillbirths. Pregestational preparation of couples is essential and should include comprehensive prevention and treatment of viral infections. © 2022, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved.