Recovery of dialysis patients with COVID-19: health outcomes 3 months after diagnosis in ERACODA

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related short-term mortality is high in dialysis patients, but longer-term outcomes are largely unknown. We therefore assessed patient recovery in a large cohort of dialysis patients 3 months after their COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods. We analyzed data on dialysis patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 March 2021 from the European Renal Association COVID-19 Database (ERACODA). The outcomes studied were patient survival, residence and functional and mental health status (estimated by their treating physician) 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Complete follow-up data were available for 854 surviving patients. Patient characteristics associated with recovery were analyzed using logistic regression. Results. In 2449 hemodialysis patients (mean ± SD age 67.5 ± 14.4 years, 62% male), survival probabilities at 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis were 90% for nonhospitalized patients (n = 1087), 73% for patients admitted to the hospital but not to an intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 1165) and 40% for those admitted to an ICU (n = 197). Patient survival hardly decreased between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. At 3 months, 87% functioned at their pre-existent functional and 94% at their pre-existent mental level. Only few of the surviving patients were still admitted to the hospital (0.8–6.3%) or a nursing home (∼5%). A higher age and frailty score at presentation and ICU admission were associated with worse functional outcome. Conclusions. Mortality between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis was low and the majority of patients who survived COVID-19 recovered to their pre-existent functional and mental health level at 3 months after diagnosis. © The Author(s) 2022.

Authors
Hemmelder M.H. , Noordzij M. , Vart P. , Hilbrands L.B. , Jager K.J. , Abrahams A.C. , Arroyo D. , Battaglia Y. , Ekart R. , Mallamaci F. , Malloney S.-R. , Oliveira J. , Rydzewski A. , Sridharan S. , Vogt L. , Duivenvoorden R. , Gansevoort R.T. , Franssen C.F.M. , Van der Net J.B. , Essig M. , Du Buf-Vereijken P.W.G. , Van Ginneken B. , Maas N. , Van Jaarsveld B.C. , Bemelman F.J. , Klingenberg-Salahova F. , Heenan-Vos F. , Vervloet M.G. , Nurmohamed A. , Abramowicz D. , Verhofstede S. , Maoujoud O. , Malfait T. , Fialova J. , Melilli E. , Favà A. , Cruzado J.M. , Perez N.M. , Lips J. , Krepel H. , Adilovic H. , Hengst M. , Konings C.J.A.M. , Braconnier P. , Weis D. , Gellert R. , Alferes D.G. , Radulescu D. , Zakharova E.V. , Ambuehl P.M. , Guidotti R. , Walker A. , Lepeytre F. , Rabaté C. , Rostoker G. , Marques S. , Azasevac T. , Majstorovic G.S. , Katicic D. , Dam M.T. , Krüger T. , Brzosko S. , Liakopoulos V. , Zanen A.L. , Logtenberg S.J.J. , Fricke L. , Kuryata O. , Slebe J.J.P. , Abd ElHafeez S. , Kemlin D. , Van de Wetering J. , Reinders M.E.J. , Hesselink D.A. , Van Gestel J.K. , Eiselt J. , Kielberger L. , El-Wakil H.S. , Verhoeven M.A.M. , Logan I. , Canal C. , Facundo C. , Ramos A.M. , Debska-Slizien A. , Veldhuizen N.M.H. , Tigka E. , Polyzou Konsta M.A. , Panagoutsos S. , Postorino A. , Cambareri F. , Matceac I. , Nistor I. , Covic A. , Groeneveld J.H.M. , Jousma J. , Diekmann F. , Oppenheimer F. , Blasco M. , Pereira T.A. , Dos Santos Junior A.C.S. , Arias-Cabrales C. , Crespo M. , Llinàs-Mallol L. , Buxeda A. , Tàrrega C.B. , Redondo-Pachon D. , Arenas Jimenez M.D. , Mendoza-Valderrey A. , Martins A.C. , Mateus C. , Alvila G. , Laranjinha I. , Hofstra J.M. , Siezenga M.A. , Franco A. , Castellano S. , Rodríguez-Ferrero M.L. , Manzanos S.B. , Haridian Sosa Barrios R. , Lemahieu W. , Bartelet K. , Dirim A.B. , Demir E. , Sever M.S. , Turkmen A. , Şafak S. , Hollander D.A.M.J. , Kerckhoffs A. , Büttner S. , De Vries A.P.J. , Meziyerh S. , Van der Helm D. , Mallat M. , Bouwsma H. , Petruliene K. , Verberk I. , Van der Sande F.M. , Christiaans M.H.L. , MohanKumar N. , Luca M.D. , Tuglular S.Z. , Kramer A. , Beerenhout C. , Luik P.T. , Kerschbaum J. , Tiefenthaler M. , Watschinger B. , Adema A.Y. , Stepanov V.A. , Zulkarnaev A.B. , Turkmen K. , Gandolfini I. , Maggiore U. , Fliedner A. , Åsberg A. , Mjoen G. , Miyasato H. , De Fijter C.W.H. , Mongera N. , Pini S. , De Biase C. , Van de Logt A.E. , Maas R. , Lebedeva O. , Lopez V. , Reichert L.J.M. , Verhave J. , Titov D. , Parshina E.V. , Zanoli L. , Marcantoni C. , Van Kempen G. , Van Gils-Verrij L.E.A. , Harty J.C. , Meurs M. , Myslak M. , Lentini P. , Den Deurwaarder E. , Stendahl M. , Rahimzadeh H. , Schouten M. , Rychlik I. , Cabezas-Reina C.J. , Roca A.M. , Nauta F. , Sahin I. , Goffin E. , Kanaan N. , Labriola L. , Devresse A. , Diaz-Mareque A. , Coca A. , De Arriba G. , Meijers B.K.I. , Naesens M. , Kuypers D. , Desschans B. , Tonnerlier A. , Wissing K.M. , Dedinska I. , Pessolano G. , Malik S. , Dounousi E. , Papachristou E. , Berger S.P. , Meijer E. , Sanders J.S.F. , Özyilmaz A. , Ponikvar J.B. , Pernat A.M. , Kovac D. , Arnol M. , Molenaar F.M. , Van Zuilen A.D. , Meijvis S.C.A. , Dolmans H. , Tantisattamo E. , Esposito P. , Krzesinski J.-M. , Barahira J.D. , Gallieni M. , Martin-Moreno P.L. , Guglielmetti G. , Guzzo G. , Toapanta N. , Soler M.J. , Luik A.J. , Van Kuijk W.H.M. , Stikkelbroeck L.W.H. , Hermans M.M.H. , Rimsevicius L. , Righetti M. , Islam M. , Heitink-Ter Braak N.
Journal
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
Publisher
Oxford University Press
Number of issue
6
Language
English
Pages
1140-1151
Status
Published
Link
External link
DOI
10.1093/NDT/GFAC008
Volume
37
Year
2022
Organizations
  • 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Maastricht University Medical Center, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Disease, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
  • 2 Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  • 3 Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • 4 ERA Registry, Department of Medical Informatics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 5 Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
  • 6 Department of Nephrology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
  • 7 Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
  • 8 Department of Dialysis, Clinic for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
  • 9 Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano di Reggio Cal, Italy
  • 10 Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
  • 11 Centrodial (Outpatient Dialysis Center), São João da Madeira, Portugal
  • 12 Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Central Clinical Hospital, The Ministry of Internal Affairs, Warsaw, Poland
  • 13 Department of nephrology, East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Lister Hospital, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
  • 14 Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 15 Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, Netherlands
  • 16 Ambroise Pare Hospital, APHP Paris-Saclay University, Boulogne Billancourt, France
  • 17 Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
  • 18 Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 19 Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
  • 20 Avicennes Military Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
  • 21 AZ Delta, Roeselare, Belgium
  • 22 B. Braun Avitum, Litomerice, Czech Republic
  • 23 Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
  • 24 Bernhoven Hospital, Uden, Netherlands
  • 25 Bravis Hospital, Bergen op Zoom, Roosendaal, Netherlands
  • 26 Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • 27 Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, Netherlands
  • 28 Centre Hospitalier du Nord, Luxembourg
  • 29 Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
  • 30 Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
  • 31 Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
  • 32 City Hospital n.a. S.P. Botkin, Moscow, Russian Federation
  • 33 City Hospital Zuürich, Zürich, Switzerland
  • 34 Claude Galien Hospital Ramsay santé, Quincy-sous-Sénart, France
  • 35 Clínica de Hemodiálise de Felgueiras, Felgueiras, Portugal
  • 36 Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
  • 37 Croatian Society of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Zagreb, Croatia
  • 38 CWZ Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • 39 DaVita Geilenkirchen, Geilenkirchen, Germany
  • 40 DaVita, Wrocław, Poland
  • 41 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
  • 42 Deventer Ziekenhuis, Deventer, Netherlands
  • 43 Dianet Dialysis Center, Utrecht, Netherlands
  • 44 Dialysis Center Bochum, Bochum, Germany
  • 45 Dnipro State Medical University, Dnipro, Ukraine
  • 46 Elyse Klinieken voor Nierzorg, Kerkrade, Netherlands
  • 47 Epidemiology Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  • 48 Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
  • 49 Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  • 50 Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
  • 51 Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
  • 52 Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, Schiedam, Netherlands
  • 53 Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  • 54 Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain
  • 55 Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
  • 56 Gdansk Medical University, Gdansk, Poland
  • 57 Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
  • 58 General Hospital of Athens ‘G. Gennimatas’, Athens, Greece
  • 59 General Hospital of Serres, Serres, Greece
  • 60 General University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
  • 61 Grande Ospedale Metropolitano and CNR, Reggio Calabria, Italy
  • 62 Grigore T Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
  • 63 Haaglanden Medisch Centrum, The Hague, Netherlands
  • 64 Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
  • 65 Hospital Curry Cabral, Central Lisbon University Hospital Center, Lisbon, Portugal
  • 66 Hospital das Clinicas UFMG, Contagem, Brazil
  • 67 Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
  • 68 Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisbon, Portugal
  • 69 Hospital Gelderse Vallei, Ede, Netherlands
  • 70 Hospital General of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
  • 71 Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
  • 72 Hospital Obispo Polanco, Salud Aragón, Spain
  • 73 Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
  • 74 Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden, Belgium
  • 75 Isala, Zwolle, Netherlands
  • 76 Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 77 Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, Den Bosch, Netherlands
  • 78 Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany
  • 79 Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
  • 80 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
  • 81 Maasstad Ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, Netherlands
  • 82 Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
  • 83 Manipal Hospital, Manipal, India
  • 84 Marche Nord Hospital, Pesaro, Italy
  • 85 Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
  • 86 Martini Ziekenhuis, Groningen, Netherlands
  • 87 Maxima Medisch Centrum, Veldhoven, Netherlands
  • 88 Meander Medisch Centrum, Amersfoort, Netherlands
  • 89 Austrian Dialysis and Transplant Registry, Rohr, Austria
  • 90 Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
  • 91 Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • 92 Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Netherlands
  • 93 Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute, Moscow, Russian Federation
  • 94 Necmettin Erbakan University Meram School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
  • 95 Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
  • 96 Nierenzentrum Reutlingen-Tübingen, Reutlingen, Germany
  • 97 Norwegian Renal Registry, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
  • 98 Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Nakagami, Japan
  • 99 OLVG, Amsterdam, Netherlands
  • 100 Ospedale S. Maurizio Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
  • 101 Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
  • 102 Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
  • 103 Regional Clinical Hospital, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
  • 104 Regional Hospital of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
  • 105 Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands
  • 106 RUDN University, Moscow, Russian Federation
  • 107 Saint Petersburg State University Hospital, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
  • 108 San Marco Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
  • 109 Saxenburgh Medisch Centrum, Hardenberg, Netherlands
  • 110 Sint Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
  • 111 Southern Health and Social Care Trust, Newry, United Kingdom
  • 112 Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, Netherlands
  • 113 SPWSZ Hospital, Szczecin, Poland
  • 114 St. Bassiano Hospital, Bassano del Grappa, Italy
  • 115 Streekziekenhuis Koningin Beatrix, Winterswijk, Netherlands
  • 116 Swedish Renal Registry, Jönköping, Sweden
  • 117 Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 118 Tergooi, Hilversum, Netherlands
  • 119 Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic
  • 120 Toledo University Hospital, Toledo, Spain
  • 121 Scheper Ziekenhuis, Emmen, Netherlands
  • 122 Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Malatya, Turkey
  • 123 Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques universitaires St Luc, Brussels, Belgium
  • 124 University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  • 125 University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
  • 126 Universitary Hospital of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
  • 127 University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
  • 128 University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
  • 129 University Hospital Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia
  • 130 University Hospital Medical Center Verona, Verona, Italy
  • 131 University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, United Kingdom
  • 132 University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
  • 133 University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
  • 134 University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  • 135 Dialysis Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
  • 136 University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
  • 137 University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
  • 138 University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, United States
  • 139 University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
  • 140 University of Liége, Liége, Belgium
  • 141 University of Milan, Milan, Italy
  • 142 University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain
  • 143 University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
  • 144 Valais Hospital, Sion and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • 145 Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
  • 146 VieCuri Medical Centre, Venlo, Netherlands
  • 147 Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
  • 148 Vimercate Hospital, Vimercate, Italy
  • 149 Zonguldak Ataturk State Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey
  • 150 Zuyderland Medical Center, Geleen, Heerlen, Netherlands
Keywords
COVID-19; dialysis; functional health status; mental health status; survival
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