Comparative Characteristics of the State of the Judicial System of the Russian Empire before and after the Judicial Reform of 1864. Part 2; [Сравнительная характеристика состояния судебной системы Российской империи до и после Судебной реформы 1864 года. Часть 2]

This article is the second part of the study devoted to the analysis of the judicial system of the Russian Empire before and after the Judicial Reform of 1864. In continuation of the first part of the study, which examined the state of the justice system of the pre-reform period, the authors consider the main changes made to the justice system after the Judicial Reform in 1864. The authors examine the key provisions of such documents as: the Statute of Criminal Proceedings, the Statute of Civil Proceedings, the Statute of the World Court, as well as the Statute of Judicial Places. The authors of the scientific article examined in detail the new judicial system of the Russian Empire, where the competence of courts, namely general courts and magistrates, was also investigated. The article analyzes such key principles of the new judicial system after the reform of 1864 as: the principles of independence of both the judicial system in general and judges in particular, as well as the principles of transparency and adversarial proceedings. Such an innovation as the institute of advocacy (sworn attorneys) was also considered. Particular attention was paid to the emergence and functioning of the institute of jurors. In addition, the key shortcomings of the format of the application of the new judicial system in the Russian Empire were identified, which, among other things, contributed to an increase in the growth of revolutionary sentiments among the population of the state. As an example, the rather revealing trial of Vera Zasulich in 1878 was considered. Copyright © 2022 by Cherkas Global University.