The influence of different dietary patterns on changes in the intestinal microbiota and human body weight

The human gut microbiome responds dynamically to changes in diet, contributing to the diversity of the human diet. The composition of the diet can also influence the metabolic products that are ultimately present in the intestinal lumen and plasma. Observations in humans on vegan, omnivorous, or synthetic enteral diets deficient in fiber have demonstrated dramatic imbalances in the gut microbiome, accompanied by changes in carbohydrate and amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites. It has been established that diet plays a dominant role in the formation of interindividual variations in host-associated microbial communities. Given the impact of the microbial community on human health and its multiple mechanisms of action, establishing the impact of different dietary approaches and models is critical.