Global Diagnostics of Ionospheric Absorption During X-Ray Solar Flares Based on 8- to 20-MHz Noise Measured by Over-the-Horizon Radars

Berngardt O.I.¹ , Ruohoniemi J.M.² , St-Maurice J.P. ³ , Marchaudon A.⁴ , Kosch M.J.^{5, 6, 7} , Yukimatu A.S.^{8, 9} , Nishitani N.¹⁰ , Shepherd S.G.¹¹ , Marcucci M.F.¹² , Hu H.¹³ , Nagatsuma T.¹⁴ , Lester M.¹⁵

Space Weather

American Geophysical Union

6

English

907-924

Published

17

2019

• ¹ Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics|SB RAS
• ² Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering|Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• ³ Department of Physics and Engineering Physics|University of Saskatchewan
• ⁴ Research Institute in Astrophysics and Planetology|Toulouse University|CNRS|CNES
• ⁵ South African National Space Agency
• ⁶ Physics Department|Lancaster University
• ⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy|University of Western Cape
• ⁸ National Institute of Polar Research
• ⁹ School of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Department of Polar Science|The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
• ¹⁰ Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research|Nagoya University
• ¹¹ Thayer School of Engineering|Dartmouth College
• ¹² Institute for Space Astrophysics and Planetology
• ¹³ Polar Research Institute of China
• ¹⁴ National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
• ¹⁵ Department of Physics and Astronomy|University of Leicester