Сравнительный анализ устойчивости двух сортов ярового рапса (Brassica napus L.) к действию высоких концентраций цинка

Оценена способность растений двух сортов рапса (Вестар и Подмосковный) накапливать ионы цинка и аккумулировать надземную биомассу на фоне действия различных концентраций (100, 250 и 500 мкМ) солей цинка. Установлено, что растения исследованных сортов рапса обладают выраженной способностью к аккумуляции цинка в надземных органах без значительного снижения накопления биомассы и изменения уровня свободного пролина в растениях. Обнаружены высокая устойчивость растений рапса данных сортов к избыточному содержанию ионов цинка в среде и проявление их фиторемедиационного потенциала.

This study was to assess the ability of plants of two varieties of canola (Westar and Moscow Region), the zinc ions accumulate aboveground biomass on the background of various concentrations of zinc salts (ZnSO4). Seeds were sown on the surface of moist perlite in a plastic cuvette (40.30.8 см) with holes at the bottom of 50-70 pieces, after which the plants were grown in water culture in a phytotron chamber under controlled conditions. The content of free proline levels of zinc in leaves of plants and biomass plants. The zinc content in the leaves of canola in the control plants was 60,7 and 53,85 mcg of zinc/g dry leaf varieties Westar and Moscow region. In making the medium zinc concentrations of 100 uM after 7 days exposure of the metal in the leaves exceeded the control by 1,9 and 4 times, and after 15 days - 2,1 and 2,8 times, respectively. The presence of the 250 uM ZnSO4 resulted in exceeding targets Zn content of 2,6 and 6,3 times after 7 days and 2,5 and 5,5 times in 15 days. After 7 days of 500 uM ZnSO4, zinc in the plants exceeded the control by 3,5 and 11,5 times, and after 15 days - more than 5 times in both varieties. A significant accumulation of zinc ions in the leaves of rape is almost no effect on the level of free proline in tissues. In this case both of the compared varieties of rape is not much different ability to accumulate proline in response to excess concentrations of zinc in the environment. Despite the fact that rape plants accumulated a lot of zinc in excess of its content in the medium, the inhibiting effect of zinc on the accumulation of biomass was rather weakly expressed. Thus, plants of both varieties of rape have compared pronounced ability to accumulate zinc in the aboveground organs without significantly reducing the accumulation of biomass. These data indicate a fairly high stability canola varieties Westar plants near Moscow and to excess zinc content in the medium and their relatively high phytoremediation potential.