INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES IN CHILDREN: MODERN CLASSIFICATION, DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM, COMMON THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Authors, based on bibliographical research and their own data, provide up-to-date information on interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in children. The classification of ILD in children that is used in the registry of pediatric patients with ILD in the European Union (2022) with a critical analysis is given, and the need for its practical use is substantiated. The algorithm for diagnosing childhood ILD is described in detail starting with the diagnostic criteria for childhood ILD syndrome and possible complications. The algorithm includes step-by-step, sequential steps to diagnose these rare diseases. Taking into account the latest advances in genetics and molecular biology, the main proteins and their encoding genes associated with ILD, types of inheritance and phenotypes are listed as well. Indications and findings during lung biopsy, general approaches to the treatment of ILD in children, including oxygen therapy, drug therapy and other therapy, taking into account the existing consensus of experts, are characterized. © 2023, Pediatria Ltd.. All rights reserved.