ADAPTATION TECHNIQUE IN TRANSLATION OF LITERARY TEXTS OF DIFFERENT CULTURES TYPES (E.G. WESTERN AND RUSSIAN)

This article touches upon some issues of the use of adaptation technique in translation of literary texts belonging to the Western culture, namely, French and English cultures, and Russian culture, which is a transitional one between the western and eastern types of culture. This translational transformation is used to replace the unknown with the known and the unusual with the usual when translating authentic texts. The necessity of using this kind of transformation may stem from the fact of the author's belonging to the Western type of culture, and the readers' belonging to the eastern one, or vice versa, thus, the difference in their mentality and the surrounding reality, as well as typological differences of languages. As part of the study we carried out an analysis of the translations of the novels "The Lady of the Camellias" by A. Dumas-son into English and Russian and "Wuthering Heights" by Emily Bronte into French and Russian, which consisted of comparing the original texts with the texts of translation. The purpose of the analysis was to reveal certain particularities of use of the adaptation technique in translation of literary texts and the confirmation of the hypothesis on the influence of pragmatic, stylistic and linguocultural factors directly related to the type of culture with the use of such translational transformation. According to the results of the research, each of the abovementioned factors is critically important in the translation of literary texts, in particular, with regard to the adaptation technique. In addition, it could be argued that these terms are components of a specific typology of factors of the adaptation of some text phenomena on the basis of their integral and differential characteristics.