Etiopathophysiological mechanism of systemic and local allergic sensitization in the development of chronic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis

The persistence, development and exacerbation of chronic rhinitis and chronic rhinosinusitis all involve sensitization to respiratory allergens. The allergic response in question is the IgE-mediated mechanism of rhinitis, which often leads to a complex of etio-pathophysiological malfunctions in various organs and systems. For clinical classification and further management of patients, it is important not to miss the detection of both systemic allergic sensitization to aeroallergens (which is achieved by conducting skin prick test or detecting the allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in the blood) and local sensitization (which can be confirmed by conducting nasal provocation test or detecting the nasal-specific immunoglobulin E in nasal mucosa). Before a full examination is conducted and both systemic and local sensitization are ruled out, the diagnosis of non-allergic rhinitis and the management of a patient with non-allergic nasal inflammation may be premature. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.