Different solutions have been used to remove the smear layer during endodontic treatment. Their efficacy, biological response and side effects differ from each other. The purpose of this review article is to assess systematically the available scientific evidence about the effectiveness of orthophosphoric and maleic acids in smear layer removing. The study of publications was produced in the electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed during a systematic review of the literature. Included articles contain information about using orthophosphoric and maleic acids in smear layer removing and their difference. The publication date criterion was selected from January 2011 to September 2021. 55 articles were viewed during the review. After analyzing the literature for inclusion criteria, the total number of publications has become 10. According to literature data, orthophosphoric and maleic acids are both effective in removing the smear layer, however, they have some differences © 2022. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research.All Rights Reserved.