The article reviews the influence of the Western Romanticism, represented primarily by F. Schelling, on the works of V.F. Odoyevsky (1804-1869). The author sets a certain dependence on the Western ideas of the Enlightenment, as well as a criticism of the latter from the standpoints of Romanticism, personalism, and Slavophilism. The author also provides an insight of criticism, stemming from the notable Slavophil thinkers of the first part of the 19th century (A. Khomyakov, I. Kireyevsky, K. Aksakov, N. Pirogov, etc.), of a strictly rationalistic approach to upbringing and education, their adoption of a holistic understanding of the educational process.