This paper is to study the origins of existence of the Russian spiritual verse as a national cultural heritage, which is part of the common lingua-culture of the Russian and Serbian peoples. This still insufficiently explored issue of modern Slavic studies is viewed from the perspective where language and religion are the basis of the mutual influence of two great cultures. Along with proposed typology of the language of Christian chants, the authors highlight lexical and stylistic features of the Russian spiritual verse in the context of the modern Serbian linguacultural tradition. Scientific novelty of the research consists in the integration of linguistic and culturological approaches to the object and subject of the study in a synchronous-diachronic aspect, identifying common and varied linguistic features determined by sociolinguistic factors in the texts of spiritual poems. The methods and methodology of the research follow the traditions of Russian studies and Slavic linguistics, and the implementation of the research allows us to draw a relevant conclusion that the sources of spiritual verse, closely related to the sacred world, are a sociocultural phenomenon.