Основные тенденции миграционных процессов через страны Северной Африки

Статья посвящена проблемам миграции – процесса, ставшего в последние годы причиной глобальной демографической дестабилизации в мире. Автор исследует историю вопроса, анализирует причины и последствия данного явления для стран Северной Африки и приходит к выводу, что активизация миграционных процессов представляет собой прямую угрозу национальной безопасности, сохранению культурной самобытности, а также социально-экономическому развитию стран Северной Африки.

Main trends of migration across the countries of North Africa

The article is devoted to the problems of migration, a process that has become in recent years the cause of global demographic destabilization in the world. North Africa was no exception. Migration processes here have gradually become systemic and have become the agenda of foreign policy of the countries of the region. The author examines the history of the issue, analyzes the causes, nature and consequences of this phenomenon. In addition to its own migrants, North Africa has also become a transit area for migration from various African countries on the way to Europe. Of these migrants, unable to embark on the path of migration will remain in the countries of North Africa. Currently, labour migrants and refugees from Sudan, Somalia, Eritrea and Ethiopia are migrating to Libya through Sudan, Chad or Egypt. Migrants from China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh have begun to migrate to Morocco through the Saharan routes in recent years. West African migrants are sent from Mauritania, Cape Verde, Senegal and other West African coasts to the Canary Islands. A large proportion of migrants who fail or do not wish to enter Europe choose to stay in North Africa as a second option. The majority of migrants prefers the North African countries to their more unstable, unsafe and substantially poorer countries. While a significant part of migrants from Central, Western and South Africa are sent to America and Oceania, Europe and the Gulf countries remain the main migration destinations for North Africans. The author comes to the conclusion that the intensification of migration processes is a direct threat to national security, preservation of cultural identity and sovereignty, as well as socio-economic development of North Africa.