Currently, there is a steady increase in the number of oncological diseases, including the central nervous system (CNS). The number of newly diagnosed tumors of the central nervous system annually grows by 1—2%. However, the progress achieved in clinical neuro-oncology over the past decades has allowed a significant increase in patient survival rates without deterioration in the quality of life. The largest number of patients with brain tumors are people of reproductive age who are interested in maintaining fertility. Despite the improvement of neurosurgical techniques and radiation therapy, the use of modern chemotherapy regimens, patients still have the risk of reducing reproductive potential in the outcome of treatment. One of the most reliable methods for preserving male fertility is currently cryopreservation of sperm. It is important to inform patients with brain tumors about the possible risk of hypogonadism, infertility and the possibility of cryopreservation of sperm, which increases the chances of having genetic progeny in the future. © 2019, Media Sfera. All rights reserved.