The evolution of economic systems requires changes in the ways that they are managed and, therefore, dictates new approaches for the conduct of scientific research and the training of personnel. The purpose of this chapter is to characterize the processes for the integration of universities, science, and industry with the needs of the cyber economy. The research is divided into three main blocks: characteristics of the main directions of such integration, determining potential problems, and the development of proposals for its acceleration. The research shows that in the modern conditions of widespread digitization, the rapid development of universities, scientific institutes, and industrial companies could and should be built on a close and systemic approach to integration processes and on the creation of a unified closed cyclic system, which satisfies the disparate needs of the digital economy: from the training of skilled personal to the implementation of applied R&D to industrial production through the application of modern digital technologies. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019.