Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and progression of coronary artery disease: An overview

Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate that the correlation between metabolic disorders, oxidative stress and coronary artery disease (CAD) is continuous and graded. The greater the amount of oxidative stress and metabolic disorder in the form of type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome, the higher the risk of CAD. The extent of oxidative stress may be determined by endogenous antioxidants; superoxide dismutase and catalase, dietary antioxidants; vitamins, minerals and polyphenolics. Pharmacological antioxidants such as angiotensin II receptor blockers, ACE-inhibitors, statins, and flavidon are potent free radical inhibitors which have been used for the treatment of CAD. The imprint of metabolic disorder on consequences of coronary revascularization outcomes can vary depending upon the extent of the risk and antioxidant administration. Coronary angiography is associated with an enormous amount of oxidative stress and inflammation, which appears to be determined by the antioxidant index in the body. There is consistent association between metabolic disorder and oxidative stress, which are mediators of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the obvious lack of encouraging effects of antioxidants on cardiovascular consequences in an enormous number of clinical trials involving oxidative stress has tended to be of lesser importance. However, last but not least, reference is made for the application of antioxidantpharmacological agents, namely, angiotensin II converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II type I receptor blockers (ARBs) and metformin, forthe management ofCVDs and metabolic risk. © 2016 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.