Iris yellow spot virus – dangerous pathogen of onion vegetable crops

Currently outdoor vegetable production is one of the leading areas of agriculture. Vegetable crops are the mainstay of nutrition in the world. Onion species are important vegetable crops and its production increases every year. Different types of onions are grown around the world and are a source of vitamins and nutrients. The area under onion crops in the world has increased from 5.3 million ha in 2016 to 5.7 million ha in 2020. Harvested yields also increased from 99.5 million t in 2016 to 109 million t in 2020. Iris yellow spot virus, IYSV, a member of the genus Orthotospovirus, affects various onion species (mainly Allium cepa and Allium porrum), garlic and several flowering plants. It was first identified in Brazil in 1981. Infected onion plants show numerous symptoms like ring spots on leaves and stems. It should be noted that the economic impact of IYSV varies, with small losses in the Netherlands, whereas in Brazil losses of up to 100% in onion fields have been observed. IYSV is effectively transmitted by Thrips tabaci. A number of weeds are reservoirs of IYSV. Iris yellow spot virus is now widespread in many countries around the world. It is regulated by the quarantine lists of Tunisia and Argentina and was previously regulated by European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization. In our work, primers to different regions of the virus genome were designed and results were compared with PCR with previously developed primers.