Features in Preparation for Parenthood in Modern Realities: Scoping Review

Background. Pregnancy is a significant process in the life of a woman and her family, and proper preparation for it can reduce the risks of hazards and complications. It is important to teach women how to properly prepare for pregnancy to improve their health and the health of the child. Purpose. The purpose of this review is to determine the list of the main problems faced by families during pregnancy, as well as to summarize what methods of solving them are offered in their articles by researchers based on statistical data. The purpose of the review article is to provide information on how to properly prepare for pregnancy, including tips on a healthy lifestyle, necessary medical examinations and taking vitamins. Materials and methods. The review is conducted in accordance with best practice guidelines and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analysis extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) are used to guide the reporting. Searches are conducted on the Web of Science, Scopus, from 2019 to 2022. Reference lists of included articles is searched. Grey literature is searched on Google Scholar. Screening and data extraction are conducted by two members of the research team, with any discrepancies resolved. Results. As a result, out of 156 articles that were selected, 62 articles were analyzed. The review revealed trends such as increased interest in research in the early stages of pregnancy. Drastic changes during the first trimester can greatly affect the health of the mother and child being born. There is also increased awareness and interest in psychological support for mothers being born, aimed at improving their mental well-being and solving problems related to pregnancy. In addition, an important aspect to pay attention to is improving access to health care and pregnancy-related consultations, especially for women in poor countries and socially vulnerable groups. Conclusion. The results obtained will serve as a source for implementation researchers and practitioners who will guide future research in this area and contribute to the systematic, transparent, and reproducible development of pregnancy preparation.