Expert Systems in Medicine: A Scoping Review

Introduction. The increasing level of various diseases, global pandemics have revealed a shortage of specialists in many different fields, that is why many people cannot receive timely medical care. Expert systems can become a solution to the above-mentioned problem. Medical expert systems are an important tool that allows you to receive fast and high-quality medical information in the shortest possible period of time. Goal. The purpose of our review is to study a huge layer of various medical systems to learn about their pros and cons; how they function and their supposed effectiveness. Materials and Methods. To explore this area, we conducted a systematic review of scientific articles from the Scopus database. We found 643 articles and selected 53 of them. Studies published in English from 2014 to December 2022 were reviewed. Results. We have identified various methods of constructing, collecting and analyzing information and evaluated them in terms of efficiency and quality. Several articles contained information about the construction of a new expert system, as well as about setting up methods of informational analysis, and the correct creation of a decision-making mechanism as well. Conclusions. We were not able to build an exact methodology for building expert systems, but we identified the best type of ES architecture and data analysis methods. Thanks to this, we can conduct further research on the creation of expert systems as this field will continue to be of great demand.