СОЗДАНИЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ МОДЕЛИ ПРИ ПОМОЩИ ЛИДАРОВ НА БЕСПИЛОТНИКАХ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЛИДАРОВ ДЛЯ ПРЕДОТВРАЩЕНИЯ КАТАСТРОФ

Today, in the age of high technology in all industries, much attention is paid to the speed and accuracy of various terrestrial measurements. Based on these measurements, important decisions are made, sometimes even related to the lives and destinies of people at enterprises. My future profession is related to the mining industry, so accurate and high-quality measurements of the surface of the earth, rocks, snow, and more are important in it. The introduction of new technologies such as the creation of satellite images and measurements using lidars devices for scanning the earth's surface greatly simplifies the work of mining specialists, and also makes mining safer and less costly. If we wanted to create a terrain model earlier, we would have to spend a lot of time and involve a huge number of people in the work. First, we would have to measure the angles with a theodolite, then we would measure the elevations with a level, and the distance and area would be calculated with a tape measure. And only then all our measurements would need to be drawn on a piece of paper. Of course, measurement with such devices and tools would not give us accurate results, and there would be no talk of any prediction of dangerous situations, and the elimination of possible dangerous factors in the extraction of minerals, too. It's good that technology does not stand still and old and inaccurate instruments are being replaced by new and high-precision instruments that combine several old instruments at once and allow you to build a digital terrain model in a couple of simple steps. For example, the ground-based RIEGL lidar can capture and simulate the movement of various masses. The data generated and captured by this instrument helps prepare for extreme events and aids in the design of cushioning structures such as berms to reduce the risk of collapses to people and infrastructure. Models are also used to build special maps of buildings and roads located in dangerous areas. Also in the mining industry, lidars are used on unmanned aerial vehicles to create special maps, which provides a new level of detail in assessing the volume of debris. These scores are used to reproduce a real event using computer simulations. The generated terrain models can help planners reduce risks and estimate the volume of avalanche debris. In mountainous areas, information about possible avalanches is very important, as this will help eliminate possible damage and help avoid casualties among people. The many Points received from lidar are used to create images of the earth, which are often complemented by buildings and trees. Airborne lidar is becoming popular as a mainstream geodata collection technology and continues to see rapid growth in terms of advances and applications. Airborne lidar has evolved into the most successful geodata collection technology used for a variety of applications, including forest plantation monitoring, urban planning and monitoring, mapping, natural resource management, disaster management and other areas of human life. Innovations in satellite mapping are making it possible to create high-resolution topographic maps of complex mountainous terrain that previously did not have such data. At the same time, advances in lidar technology from ground-based scanners and drones provide the ability to quickly respond and document natural disasters in high detail. The simulation relies on huge images to simulate events in real areas, providing data that is used to extract risks to people and statistics. Future improvements will ensure planning and preparedness for the threats of rock movement, landslides, collapses. Such technologies are developing now and will continue to develop in the future.