ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ УРОВНЯ МОЧЕВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ И МАРКЕРОВ ВРОЖДЕННОГО ИММУНИТЕТА У ДЕТЕЙ С БРОНХИАЛЬНОЙ АСТМОЙ

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URIC ACID LEVELS AND INNATE IMMUNITY MARKERS IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Immunometabolic disorders are currently considered an important component of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA). Metabolomic analysis of various biological media has revealed a cluster associated with impaired purine metabolism in patients with BA. The role of uric acid (UA) in the pathogenesis of BA has been debated since the late 19th century, but it still cannot be considered fully established. Objective: To study the relationship between UA levels and biomarkers of inflammation in patients with BA with different body weights (BW) from the perspective of immunometabolic disorders. Materials and methods: The study design was a single-center, observational, cross-sectional pilot study. The study included 184 patients with atopic BA aged 6 to 17 years, who were observed at the Nizhny Novgorod Regional Children's City Clinical Hospital № 1 from September 2017 to July 2025. All patients underwent assessment of basic general clinical, hematological, biochemical, anthropometric parameters, spirometry data, as well as serum levels of total IgE and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Two groups were identified: Group 1 – with low/normal BW, Group 2 – with overweight/obesity. Results: Patients in Group 2 had statistically significantly higher levels of UA and UA/creatinine ratio (all p<0.001). The number of leukocytes and monocytes was higher, and the number of eosinophils was lower in patients of Group 2 compared to Group 1; the differences were statistically significant (p<0.001, p=0.046, and p=0.037, respectively). In Group 2, a negative correlation was found between the UA level and the bronchial patency index (zFEV1/FVC) (R=–0.309, p=0.023), and a positive correlation with the IL-6 level (R=0.501, p=0.024). Conclusion: The relationship between UA levels and innate immunity indicators may indicate a potential role of UA in the pathogenesis of BA from the perspective of immunometabolic disorders. © 2025, Pediatria Ltd.. All rights reserved.